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Bruce Lee's JKD Chi Sao Training

In performing Chi Sao to develop your energy, keep your body and arms relaxed, as in photos 1 to 6. As your wrists touch your partner’s, just put enough stress in your hands to roll your arms back and forth. In photos 1 to 6, Sijo Bruce Lee demonstrates how your arms should be rolling. Arrows are indicated in each photo to illustrate the motion of the hands. The elbows are positioned close to the body as they roll their arms constantly and smoothly. Though the arms appear to roll from side to side, the concentration of your energy should be forward.

The rolling motion is not the essence of Chi Sao. It is the flowing from your arms that is important. The idea in the early stages is not to fight each other’s strength but to concentrate on getting the feel of this energy. If you attempt to shove your partner backward, you will be missing the whole purpose of Chi Sao. This forceful movement will tense your arms, and consequently, your shoulders will become rigid. You will then lose your balance and begin to rely on brute strength instead of the flowing energy.

Think of a screw that is turning inward. You never unwind the screw; you keep a small area inside and always drive it forward. This energy must flow from the pit of your abdomen instead of your shoulders. To do this, imagine that water is flowing through your arms like a hose being fed from the center of your body from about the navel. This causes the under part of your arms to become heavy. Keep your fingers loose and outstretched because the water has to flow out from the little fingers.

If both partners emit the same degree of energy or “water” through their arms, neither will penetrate the other. The motion will be constant, even and rhythmic. Each partner will feel the other’s arms as supple but firm. Arms look weak, but they are very potent. Your elbows should be immovable - they can’t be coerced toward your body. Your pliable arms can be moved from side to side but not toward your body. As you become more proficient, the circumference of your motion or rolling becomes smaller and smaller, as if the water flowing through your arms is now trying to penetrate and cover all the smaller cracks.

Chi Sao is an important part of Jeet Kune Do because its efficient application of techniques relies on the looseness of the arms and body. This exercise is the best way to develop your flowing energy so you can be constantly relaxed and loose but not sacrifice power. To test if your energy is flowing, have someone extend his hand to you, then land a chopping blow to his hand. First, do it normally and then do it with the fl owing energy - concentrate on the heaviness of your hand, keep your arm loose and place the weight at the bottom of your arm. Don’t tell your partner what you are doing. After each blow, ask him whether he feels any difference. If he does, then hit his hand both with and without the flowing energy, letting him decide after each blow whether the force is heavier or lighter. If the blows with the flowing energy are more powerful, you know you are doing it right. If you are unable to find anyone to cooperate with you, you can also test it on your own hand.